Muslim Women: Past and Present

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Throughout the ages, from the earliest days of Islam to contemporary times today, Muslim women have been and continue to be active leaders in their communities and countries across the world. This directory is a growing archive of leading Muslim women scholars, activists, writers, politicians, artists, religious and spiritual leaders, civil society leaders and more. Please contribute to this archive by suggesting Muslim women to be featured through our recommendation form.

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Asma bint Shihab al-Sulayhiyya

Known For: Queen of Yemen
Dates: Hijri 437 – 460 (AH)
Common Era Co-ruler from: 1047-1067(CE)

Country: Yemen

About

Asma bint Shihab was the wife of Ali bin Muhammad al-Sulayhi, the King of Yemen, who reigned from 1047-1067. A notable woman, she was independent and took an active role in the affairs of the state. Because of the Fatimid endorsement of equal education for both women and men, Ali entrusted her with care of the realm and she attended state councils with her face unveiled. Her name was declared alongside her husband’s from the mosque pulpits during Friday khutbas.

Queen Asma was also an active influence on the life of the future Queen Arwa for whom she acted as a teacher, and doubtlessly, an admirable role model. She also taught her son, ensuring that both he and his wife were equipped with the necessary tools to be successful rulers. Commentaries of the time indicate intelligence, the breadth of her knowledge, and her role in promoting the arts and acting as a patron for poets.

After her husband fell victim to tribal vendetta and was murdered in 1067 while on Hajj, Queen Asma was held prisoner for a year before her son managed to free her. After he fell ill, she acted on behalf of her son Ahmed al-Mukarram. Since Ahmed was paralyzed, Queen Asma continued in her active role in managing the state. After her death, Queen Arwa assumed Asma’s place of power, continuing on the tradition of strong Yemeni queens into another generation.

Sources

“Leaders and Rulers: the roles of Asian women in Asian society - ColorQ Articles Etc.” ColorQ World: interracial relations between non-Europeans. (accessed November 30, 2009).

“Notable Women Circa the Year 1000 C.E. - Women in World History Curriculum.” Women In World History Curriculum. (accessed November 30, 2009).

“Sayyida Hurra: The Ismaili Sulayhid Queen of Yemen.” The Institute of Ismaili Studies. (accessed November 30, 2009).

Jackson, Guida M. Women Rulers Throughout the Ages. ABC-CLIO, 1999. Google Books. (accessed November 30, 2009).

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This search feature will enable you to find Muslim women leaders by entering the keyword(s) of your choice. If you cannot find a particular woman that you are looking for, please let us know by completing our “Recommend Muslim Women” form and check the site again in the near future as we actively expand this section of the portal with your suggestions.